Odontoid (Dens) Fractures
Odontoid fractures are the most common fractures of C2.
About 10-15% of all cervical spine fractures.
In children, these consitute about 75% of all cervical spine injuries.
Male to Female ratio approx 3:1, most are under 40 years of age.
Number of cases has increased over last 50 years, probably because of an increase in high speed motor vehicle accidents.
Acute C2 fractures represent 7-17% of all cervical spine fractures in most large series.
40% are associated with head injuries, and 15-20% are associated with additional cervical spine injuries.
Mechanism
Over 60 years, falls are commonest
Under 40 years, MVA is commonest cause.
Case Illustration:
Male late fifties
Fell off a ladder
main complaint of severe neck pain right side worse than left
Brought to Casualty Department
Examination revealed severe upper neck pain
No neurological deficit